Illness perception, health literacy, and medication adherence in hypertension: A dyadic analysis
Introduction:
Hypertension is a prevalent and preventable cause of mortality, affecting approximately 1.42 billion individuals globally. In China, the prevalence exceeds 25.2% among adults, rising to over 50% in those older than 60. This study explores the complex interplay between illness perception, health literacy, and medication adherence in hypertensive patients and their spouses, utilizing the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model (APIMeM).
Methodology:
The study recruited hypertensive patients and their spouses through convenience sampling from a designated district. Data was collected using validated questionnaires, including the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Health Literacy Management Scale (HeLMS), and Chinese Medication Adherence Scale (CMAS).
Results:
The analysis revealed moderate illness perception in both patients and spouses, but relatively low health literacy. Medication adherence was suboptimal in patients, influenced by adaptive cognitive mechanisms and limited health literacy. Spousal support and underutilization of community resources further contributed to poor adherence.
Discussion:
Clinical interventions should target both patients and spouses. Patients benefit from tailored educational programs focusing on disease mechanisms, while spouses can enhance support capabilities. Family-based management strategies and medical communication tools improve comprehension. Enhancing spousal health literacy is crucial for optimizing overall family health behaviors and treatment outcomes.
Conclusion:
The study highlights the importance of dyadic interventions in hypertension management, emphasizing the role of spouses as collaborators. Future research should explore longitudinal effects and the generalizability of findings.
